서버/Linux I 2016. 1. 27. 18:36
Linux I - 16. 파티션 작업 & 파일 시스템 생성
login as: root
root@192.168.1.2's password: centos
Last login: Wed Jan 27 13:28:09 2016 from 192.168.1.1
[root@CentOS /root]#
1. 파티션
파티션이란 시스템의 하드디스크 영역을 논리적으로 분할하는 것을 의미하며, 파티션 작업을 하는 목적은 다음과 같다.
(Ex : 윈도우 시스템 C, D, E 드라이브)
- 루트 파티션 손상시 다중 파티션 데이터 보호, 백업 및 업그레이드 가능
- 다중 운영체제 설치 가능
- 파일 시스템 점검 시간 단축 및 부팅 시간 감소
[디스크 유형]
|
IDE(integrated Drive Electronics) |
SCSI(Small Computer System Interface) |
|
|
|
|
Primary Master HardDisk |
/dev/hda |
Primary Master HardDisk |
/dev/sda |
|
Primary Slave HardDisk |
/dev/hdb |
Primary Slave HardDisk |
/dev/sdb |
|
Secondary Master HardDisk |
/dev/hdc |
Secondary Master HardDisk |
/dev/sdc |
|
Secondary Slave HardDisk |
/dev/hdd |
Secondary Slave HardDisk |
/dev/sdd |
리눅스는 파티션을 디렉토리로 구분한다. (윈도우는 파티션을 드라이브 단위로 구분함)
[리눅스 파티션 구성]
|
주파티션 |
주파티션 |
주파티션 |
확장파티션 | ||||
|
hda1 |
hda2 |
hda3 |
hda4
| ||||
|
논리적인 파티션 | |||||||
|
hda5
|
hda6 |
hda7 |
hda8 |
~ hda15 | |||
리눅스에서는 주파티션 및 확장 파티션을 1~4까지 구성할 수 있으며, 논리적인 파티션을 5~15까지 구성할 있다.
주파티션
기본적인 파티션이기 때문에 더이상 분리할 수 없으며, 확장 파티션까지 포함해서 총 4개까지 생성할 수 있다.
확장 파티션
파티션을 5개 이상 생성할 경우 사용하는 파티션이다. 확장 파티션은 저장 공간이 별도로 없는 대신, 논리적인 파티션을 생성할 수 있도록 한다. 확장 파티션은 1개만 사용할 수 있으며, 가장 마지막 파티션 번호를 사용하는 것을 권장한다.
논리적인 파티션
확장 파티션에서 제공하는 논리적인 파티션이다.
2. 파티션 작업을 위한 디스크 추가 작업
[root@CentOS /root]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root
35G 3.7G 30G 12% /
tmpfs 1000M 72K 1000M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 34M 419M 8% /boot
[root@CentOS /dev]# shutdown -h now
1) SCSI 타입으로 6개 추가
VMware -> 'Edit virtual machine settings' 클릭 -> 'add' 클릭 -> Hard Disk 선택 -> Next
-> SCSI (Recommended) 선택 -> Next -> 'Create a new virtual disk' 선택 -> Next
-> 하드 0.2G 설정, 'store virtual disk as a single file' 선택 -> Next
-> 'CentOS6.6-x.vmdk' 기본 이름 사용 -> Finish 클릭
2) 이런 방식으로 SCSI 타입 5개 추가 실시
3) IDE 타입으로 2개 더 추가
4) 하드 디스크 추가 결과
5) 리눅스 부팅 실시
login as: root
root@192.168.1.2's password: centos
Last login: Wed Jan 27 13:39:17 2016 from 192.168.1.1
[root@CentOS /root]#
[root@CentOS /root]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root
35G 3.7G 30G 12% /
tmpfs 1000M 72K 1000M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 34M 419M 8% /boot
[root@CentOS /root]# ls /dev/sd* CentOS 6.x부터는 hd*도 sd*로 다 표기된다.
/dev/sda /dev/sda2 /dev/sdc /dev/sde /dev/sdg /dev/sdi
/dev/sda1 /dev/sdb /dev/sdd /dev/sdf /dev/sdh
- 하드 디스크 추가가 제대로 되었다면, VMware Snapshot 실시한다. (이름 : 디스크 추가 완료)
3. 파티션 작업
'fdisk' 명령어를 이용하여 파티션 생성, 삭제, 타입 설정을 수행한다. 시스템에 하드 디스크를 추가하여도 파티션 설정이 없다면, 포멧(파일 시스템 작업)을 수행할 수 없다. 그렇기 때문에 하드 디스크를 추가한 다음에 파티션 설정을 실시해야 한다.
[root@CentOS /root]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0001eb07
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 5222 41430016 8e Linux LVM
[root@CentOS /root]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Ex1) 'dev/sdb'파티션 작업 예제
- 도움말 기능, 파티션 생성 및 삭제
[root@CentOS /root]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x0c65d597.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): m 도움말 보기
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0c65d597
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-204, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-204, default 204): +50M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0c65d597
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0c65d597
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- 주파티션(50M, 30M, 30M, 30M) 4개 생성
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-204, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-204, default 204): +50M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (52-204, default 52): 52
Using default value 52
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (52-204, default 204): +30M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 82 31744 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (83-204, default 83): 83
Using default value 83
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (83-204, default 204): +30M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 82 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 83 113 31744 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (114-204, default 114): 114
Using default value 114
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (114-204, default 204): +30M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 82 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 83 113 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 114 144 31744 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n 더이상 파티션 생성 불가
You must delete some partition andadd an extended partition first
- 확장 파티션(50M) 생성 및 논리적인 파티션(30M, 나머지 모든 영역) 생성
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 4
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (114-204, default 114): 114
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (114-204, default 204): +50M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 82 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 83 113 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 114 164 52224 5 Extended (논리적인 파티션을 위한 하드디스크라고 생각하면됨)
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (114-164, default 114): 114
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (114-164, default 164): +30M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 82 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 83 113 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 114 164 52224 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 114 144 31728 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (145-164, default 145): 145
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (145-164, default 164): 164
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 82 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 83 113 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 114 164 52224 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 114 144 31728 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 145 164 20464 83 Linux
- '/dev/sdb3' 주파티션 삭제 및 주파티션 재생성
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-6): 3
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 82 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 114 164 52224 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 114 144 31728 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 145 164 20464 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
No free sectors available (논리적인 파티션은 5번 이상부터 생성할 수 있기 때문에, '3'은 논리적인 파티션으로 생성 불가능)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Selected partition 3
First cylinder (83-204, default 83): 165
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (165-204, default 204): 204
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 82 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 165 204 40960 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 114 164 52224 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 114 144 31728 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 145 164 20464 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order ('/dev/sdb3 ' 실린더 순서가 맞지 않아서 나오는 메세지, 권장 사항 아님)
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@CentOS /root]#
[root@CentOS /root]# ls /dev/sdb*
/dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb4 /dev/sdb5 /dev/sdb6
[root@CentOS /root]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 82 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 165 204 40960 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 114 164 52224 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 114 144 31728 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 145 164 20464 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order
Ex2) '/dev/sdb' 파티션 삭제
[root@CentOS /root]# fdisk /dev/sdb
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 82 31744 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 165 204 40960 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 114 164 52224 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 114 144 31728 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 145 164 20464 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-6): 6
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 5
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 4
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 3
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 2
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@CentOS /root]#
Ex3) '/dev/sdc' 파티션 설정 및 삭제
첫번째 주파티션 : 30M
두번째 확장 파티션 : 150번 실린더까지 할당
논리 파티션 : 50개 실린더 할당 (+49)
논리 파티션 : 나머지 모든 영역 할당
세번째 주파티션 : 180번 실린더까지 할당
네번째 주파티션 : 나머지 모든 영역 할당
[root@CentOS /root]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x78557309.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-204, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-204, default 204): +30M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (32-204, default 32): 32
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (32-204, default 204): 150
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (32-150, default 32): 32
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (32-150, default 150): +49
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (82-150, default 82): 82
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (82-150, default 150): 150
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (151-204, default 151): 151
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (151-204, default 204): 180
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (181-204, default 181): 181
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (181-204, default 204): 204
Command (m for help): p
|
Disk /dev/sdc: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System |
첫번째 주파티션 : 30M 할당 두번째 확장 파티션 : 150번 실린더까지 할당
세번째 주파티션 : 180번 실린더까지 할당 네번째 주파티션 : 나머지 모든 영역 할당
논리 파티션 : 50개 실린더 할당 (+49) 논리 파티션 : 나머지 모든 영역 할당
|
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@CentOS /root]# ls /dev/sdc*
/dev/sdc /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc3 /dev/sdc4 /dev/sdc5 /dev/sdc6
[root@CentOS /test]# fdisk /dev/sdc
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x78557309
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 31 31728 83 Linux
/dev/sdc2 32 150 121856 5 Extended
/dev/sdc3 151 180 30720 83 Linux
/dev/sdc4 181 204 24576 83 Linux
/dev/sdc5 32 81 51184 83 Linux
/dev/sdc6 82 150 70640 83 Linux
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-6): 6
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 5
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 4
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 3
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 2
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@CentOS /test]#
[root@CentOS /test]# ls /dev/sdc*
/dev/sdc
Ex4) '/dev/sdb' 파티션 설정 및 삭제
첫번째 주파티션 : 50M 할당
두번째 주파티션 : 50M 할당
세번째 주파티션 : 50M 할당
네번째 확장 파티션 : 나머지 모든 영역 할당
논리파티션 : 모든 영역 할당
[root@CentOS /root]# fdisk /dev/sdb
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-204, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-204, default 204): +50M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (52-204, default 52): 52
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (52-204, default 204): +50M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (103-204, default 103): 103
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (103-204, default 204): +50M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (154-204, default 154): 154
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (154-204, default 204): 204
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (154-204, default 154): 154
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (154-204, default 204): 204
Command (m for help): p
|
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System |
첫번째 주파티션 : 50M 할당 두번째 주파티션 : 50M 할당 세번째 주파티션 : 50M 할당 네번째 확장 파티션 : 나머지 모든 영역 할당
논리파티션 : 모든 영역 할당 |
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@CentOS /root]# ls /dev/sdb*
/dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb4 /dev/sdb5
[root@CentOS /root]# fdisk /dev/sdb
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 5
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 4
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 3
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 2
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@CentOS /root]# ls /dev/sdb*
/dev/sdb
Ex5) '/dev/sdb' 파티션 설정
첫번째 주파티션 : 50M 할당
두번째 주파티션 : 50M 할당
세번째 주파티션 : 50M 할당
네번째 주파티션 : 나머지 모든 영역 할당
[root@CentOS /root]# fdisk /dev/sdb
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-204, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-204, default 204): +50M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (52-204, default 52): 52
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (52-204, default 204): +50M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (103-204, default 103): 103
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (103-204, default 204): +50M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (154-204, default 154): 154
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (154-204, default 204): 204
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 102 52224 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 103 153 52224 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 154 204 52224 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@CentOS /root]#
[root@CentOS /root]# ls /dev/sdb*
/dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb4
4. 파일 시스템 생성
- 파일 시스템이란 파일을 저장하고 관리하는 구조 체계를 의미하며, 리눅스에서는 포멧을 파일 시스템 생성이라고 한다.
- 파일 시스템을 생성하려면 'mkfs' 명령어를 이용하면 된다.
|
ext2 : 리눅스 이전 버전에서 사용했던 파일 시스템 ext3 : CentOS5.x 에서 사용하는 파일 시스템 ext4 : CentOS 6.x 에서 사용하는 파일 시스템
|
[root@CentOS /root]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 213 MB, 213909504 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 204 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x992d33c0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 51 52208 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 52 102 52224 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 103 153 52224 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 154 204 52224 83 Linux
[root@CentOS /root]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 (# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1)
[root@CentOS /root]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb2 (# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2)
[root@CentOS /root]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb3 (# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb3)
[root@CentOS /root]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb4 (# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb4)
- 파일 시스템 생성이 완료되었다면, VMware Snapshot 실시한다. (이름 : 파일 시스템 생성 완료)
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