Linux III - 03. main 서버 클론 및 IP 주소 & Telnet 설정

Linux III - 03. main 서버 클론 및 IP 주소 & Telnet 설정

 

 

 

 

VMware를 이용하여 main 서버를 클론하도록 하며, 클론된 서버는 메모리를 512M, CPU 1개로 조정하도록 한다.

 

 

 VM -> Manage -> Clone 클릭

 

 

 

 

 

'다음(N)' 클릭

 

 

 

 

 

'The current state in the virtual machine' 선택 -> '다음(N)' 클릭

 

 

 

 

 

'Create a full clone' 선택 -> '다음(N)' 클릭

 

 

 

 

 

머신 이름 입력 -> 설치할 폴더 지정

 

 

 

 

 

클론 진행중

 

 

 

 

 

클론 완료

 

 

 

 

 

메모리 512M & CPU 1개 조정

 

 

 

 

 

 

Clone1를 생성했다면, 같은 방법으로 Clone2를 생성하도록 한다.

 

 

Clone1를 먼저 실행하도록 한다.

 

 

 

1. Xwindow을 이용한 clone1 환경 설정

 

 

1) clone1 eth 장치 이름 변경

 

 - main 서버 VMware 등록 정보의 이더넷 장치랑 충돌되기 때문에 인터페이스 이름을 eth2, eth3으로 사용하게 된다.

 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# ifconfig
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback 
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:960 (960.0 b)  TX bytes:960 (960.0 b)

 

 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# rm /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
rm: remove 일반 파일 `/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules'? y

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# reboot

 

 

 - Vmware clone1 우클릭 -> Settings -> Network Adapter -> Advanced -> Bridged(eth0) MAC 주소 확인

 - Vmware clone1 우클릭 -> Settings -> Network Adapter -> Advanced -> NAT(eth1) MAC 주소 확인

 

 

 - 재부팅이 완료되었다면, '70-persistent-net.rules'파일에서 eth 이름을 변경하고 재부팅을 실시한다.

 

 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

1 # This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules   2 # program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.   3 #   4 # You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single   5 # line, and change only the value of the NAME= key.   6   7 # PCI device 0x8086:0x100f (e1000)   8 SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:00:2d:b7", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth2" <- eth0 수정   9  10 # PCI device 0x8086:0x100f (e1000)  11 SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:00:2d:c1", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth3" <- eth1 수정 : wq!

 

 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# reboot

 

 - 재부팅이 완료되었다면, eth0과 eth1을 up을 시킨다음, MAC 주소를 확인하도록 한다.

 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# ifconfig eth0 up
[root@main /root/바탕화면]# ifconfig eth1 up

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:00:2D:B7  
          inet6 addr: fec0:1234::20c:29ff:fe00:2db7/64 Scope:Site
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe00:2db7/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:315 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:28077 (27.4 KiB)  TX bytes:406 (406.0 b)

 

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:00:2D:C1  
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe00:2dc1/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:11 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:3 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:660 (660.0 b)  TX bytes:238 (238.0 b)

 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback 
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:92 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:92 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:7008 (6.8 KiB)  TX bytes:7008 (6.8 KiB)

 

 

 

 2) clone1 MAC 주소 및 IP 주소 설정

 

장치	IP	Subnet Mask	Gateway	DNS
eth0	172.20.1.101	255.255.0.0	-	-
eth1	192.168.1.101	255.255.255.0	192.168.1.254	168.126.63.1

 

 

 - vi 편집기를 이용하여 eth0, eth1 MAC 주소 및 IP 주소를 변경하도록 한다.

 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

 

1 DEVICE=eth0   2 TYPE=Ethernet   3 UUID=10a63f41-0a00-4e31-8112-ccb1d344bfc6   4 ONBOOT=yes   5 NM_CONTROLLED=no   6 BOOTPROTO=none   7 HWADDR=00:0C:29:E9:9C:40 <- 00:0C:29:00:2D:B7 수정   8 IPADDR=172.20.1.1 <- 172.20.1.101 수정   9 PREFIX=16  10 DEFROUTE=yes  11 IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes  12 IPV6INIT=no  13 NAME="System eth0"  : wq!

 

 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1

 

1 DEVICE=eth1   2 TYPE=Ethernet   3 UUID=f0625107-190c-4dd7-8a2c-41b65a08749b   4 ONBOOT=yes   5 NM_CONTROLLED=no   6 BOOTPROTO=none   7 HWADDR=00:0C:29:E9:9C:4A <- 00:0C:29:00:2D:C1 수정   8 IPADDR=192.168.1.100 <- 192.168.1.101 수정   9 PREFIX=24  10 GATEWAY=192.168.1.254  11 DNS1=168.126.63.1  12 DEFROUTE=yes  13 IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes  14 IPV6INIT=no  15 NAME="System eth1" : wq!

 

 - 'network' 서비스를 재시작한다. 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# service network restart
인터페이스 eth0 (을)를 종료 중:                            [  OK  ]
인터페이스 eth1 (을)를 종료 중:                            [  OK  ]
loopback 인터페이스 종료 중:                               [  OK  ]
loopback 인터페이스 활성화중 입니다:                       [  OK  ]
eth0 인터페이스 활성화중 입니다:  Determining if ip address 172.20.1.101 is already in use for device eth0...
                                                           [  OK  ]
eth1 인터페이스 활성화중 입니다:  Determining if ip address 192.168.1.101 is already in use for device eth1...
                                                           [  OK  ]


[root@main /root/바탕화면]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:00:2D:B7 
          inet addr:172.20.1.101  Bcast:172.20.255.255  Mask:255.255.0.0
          inet6 addr: fec0:1234::20c:29ff:fe00:2db7/64 Scope:Site
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe00:2db7/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:13002 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:14 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:1148784 (1.0 MiB)  TX bytes:980 (980.0 b)

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:00:2D:C1 
          inet addr:192.168.1.101  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe00:2dc1/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:748 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:14 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:45264 (44.2 KiB)  TX bytes:964 (964.0 b)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback 
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:204 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:204 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:15552 (15.1 KiB)  TX bytes:15552 (15.1 KiB)

 

 

3) 호스트 이름 및 호스트 IP 주소 설정

 

 - 호스트 이름 변경 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network

 

1 NETWORKING=yes   2 HOSTNAME=main <- clone1 수정   3 GATEWAY=192.168.1.254   4 NTPSERVERARGS=iburst   : wq!

 

 

 - 호스트 IP 주소 설정

 

 [root@main /root/바탕화면]# vi /etc/hosts

1 127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4   2 ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6   3 172.20.1.101  clone1 clone1.com   : wq!

 

 

 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# reboot

 

 

 

clone1 구성이 완료되었다면, clone2를 실행하도록 한다.

 

 

2. Xwindow을 이용한 clone2 환경 설정

 

장치	IP	Subnet Mask	Gateway	DNS
eth0	172.20.1.201	255.255.0.0	-	-
eth1	192.168.1.201	255.255.255.0	192.168.1.254	168.126.63.1

 

 

 - 'clone1'과 동일한 방법으로 진행한다.

 

 

 - 'clone2' 작업이 완료되었다면, 부팅 모드를 Run-Level 3(텍스트-모드)으로 조정하여, 재부팅을 실시한다.

 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# vi /etc/inittab

1 # inittab is only used by upstart for the default runlevel.   2 #   3 # ADDING OTHER CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.   4 #   5 # System initialization is started by /etc/init/rcS.conf   6 #   7 # Individual runlevels are started by /etc/init/rc.conf   8 #   9 # Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf  10 #  11 # Terminal gettys are handled by /etc/init/tty.conf and /etc/init/serial.conf,  12 # with configuration in /etc/sysconfig/init.  13 #  14 # For information on how to write upstart event handlers, or how  15 # upstart works, see init(5), init(8), and initctl(8).  16 #  17 # Default runlevel. The runlevels used are:  18 #   0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)  19 #   1 - Single user mode  20 #   2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)  21 #   3 - Full multiuser mode  22 #   4 - unused  23 #   5 - X11  24 #   6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)  25 #  26 id:5:initdefault:  <- id:3:initdefault:  수정 : wq!

 

 

[root@main /root/바탕화면]# reboot

 

3. main, clone1, clone2 네트워크 테스트

 

 - main, clone1, clone2를 실행한다.

 

 

 - 'Putty'를 이용하여 main, clone1, clone2를 접속하도록 한다.

 

login as: root
root@192.168.1.100's password:
Last login: Thu Mar 10 18:31:11 2016 from 192.168.1.1
[root@main /root]#

 

login as: root
root@192.168.1.101's password:
Last login: Thu Mar 10 18:31:11 2016 from 192.168.1.1
[root@clone1 /root]#

login as: root
root@192.168.1.201's password:
Last login: Thu Mar 10 18:31:11 2016 from 192.168.1.1

[root@clone2 /root]#

 

 

 - main에서 clone1, clone2으로 Ping 테스트를 실시한다.

 

[root@main /root]# ping -c 1 172.20.1.101
PING 172.20.1.101 (172.20.1.101) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.20.1.101: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.98 ms

--- 172.20.1.101 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 2ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.987/1.987/1.987/0.000 ms

[root@main /root]# ping -c 1 172.20.1.201
PING 172.20.1.201 (172.20.1.201) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.20.1.201: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=2.81 ms

--- 172.20.1.201 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 2ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.819/2.819/2.819/0.000 ms

 

 

 -  clone1에서 main, clone2으로 Ping 테스트를 실시한다.

 

[root@clone1 /root]# ping -c 1 172.20.1.1
PING 172.20.1.1 (172.20.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.20.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.428 ms

--- 172.20.1.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.428/0.428/0.428/0.000 ms

[root@clone1 /root]# ping -c 1 172.20.1.201
PING 172.20.1.201 (172.20.1.201) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.20.1.201: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.717 ms

--- 172.20.1.201 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.717/0.717/0.717/0.000 ms

 

 

 -  clone2에서 main, clone1으로 Ping 테스트를 실시한다.

 

[root@clone2 /root]# ping -c 1 172.20.1.1
PING 172.20.1.1 (172.20.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.20.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.605 ms

--- 172.20.1.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.605/0.605/0.605/0.000 ms

[root@clone2 /root]# ping -c 1 172.20.1.101
PING 172.20.1.101 (172.20.1.101) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.20.1.101: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.311 ms

--- 172.20.1.101 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.311/0.311/0.311/0.000 ms

 

 

 

 

4. main, clone1, clone2 호스트를 지정하도록 한다.

 

 - main에서 clone1, clone2 호스트 IP 주소 설정

 

[root@main /root]# vi /etc/hosts

 

1 127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4   2 ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6   3 172.20.1.1  main main.com   4 172.20.1.101 clone1 clone1.com <- 추가   5 172.20.1.201 clone2 clone2.com <- 추가   : wq!

 

 

 

 - clone1에서 main, clone2 호스트 IP 주소 설정

 

[root@clone1 /root]# vi /etc/hosts

 

1 127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomai    n4   2 ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomai    n6   3 172.20.1.101  clone1 clone1.com   4 172.20.1.1  main main.com <- 추가   5 172.20.1.201 clone2 clone2.com <- 추가 : wq!

 

 

 

 - clone2에서 main, clone1 호스트 IP 주소 설정

 

[root@clone2 /root]# vi /etc/hosts

 

1 127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomai    n4   2 ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomai    n6   3 172.20.1.201 clone2 clone2.com   4 172.20.1.1 main main.com <- 추가   5 172.20.1.101 clone1 clone1.com <- 추가 : wq!

 

 

 

  - 호스트 Ping 테스트 실시

 

[root@main /root]# ping -c 1 clone1
[root@main /root]# ping -c 1 clone1.com

[root@main /root]# ping -c 1 clone2

[root@main /root]# ping -c 1 clone1.com

 

 

[root@clone1 /root]# ping -c 1 main
[root@clone1 /root]# ping -c 1 main.com

[root@clone1 /root]# ping -c 1 clone2

[root@clone1 /root]# ping -c 1 clone2.com

 

[root@clone2 /root]# ping -c 1 main
[root@clone2 /root]# ping -c 1 main.com

[root@clone2 /root]# ping -c 1 clone1

[root@clone2 /root]# ping -c 1 clone1.com

 

 

 

[참고] eth1을 사용하지 않을 경우, main에서 다음과 같이 NAT & IP Forward 설정을 추가한다.

 

 

[root@main /root]# chkconfig iptables on

[root@main /root]# service iptables stop

 

[root@main /root]# iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -j ACCEPT
[root@main /root]# iptables -A FORWARD -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
[root@main /root]# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE

 

[root@main /root]# service iptables save

[root@main /root]# service iptables status

 

[root@main /root]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

1 # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux   2 #   3 # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.  See sysctl(8) and   4 # sysctl.conf(5) for more details.   5   6 # Controls IP packet forwarding   7 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1  <- '0'을 '1'로 변경   8   : wq!

 

[root@main /root]# reboot

 

 

 

 

5. 'Telnet-Server' & 'Telnet' 클라이언트 설치

 

 - 'Telnet-Server' & 'Telnet' 클라이언트 설치 유무를 확인한다.

 

[root@main /root]# yum list telnet-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: centos.tt.co.kr
 * extras: mirror.oasis.onnetcorp.com
 * updates: mirror.oasis.onnetcorp.com
base                                                                       | 3.7 kB     00:00
extras                                                                     | 3.4 kB     00:00
updates                                                                    | 3.4 kB     00:00
updates/primary_db                                                         | 4.0 MB     00:00
Available Packages
telnet-server.x86_64                              1:0.17-48.el6   

 

 

[root@main /root]# yum list telnet
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: centos.tt.co.kr
 * extras: mirror.oasis.onnetcorp.com
 * updates: mirror.oasis.onnetcorp.com
Available Packages
telnet.x86_64                                  1:0.17-48.el6                                  base
[root@main /root]#

 

 

 

- 'Telnet-Server' & 'Telnet' 클라이언트 설치 실시

 

[root@main /root]# yum -y install telnet-server
[root@main /root]# yum -y install telnet

 

[root@main /root]#  rpm -ql telnet-server
/etc/xinetd.d/telnet
/usr/sbin/in.telnetd
/usr/share/man/man5/issue.net.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/in.telnetd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/telnetd.8.gz

 

 

 - 'Telnet-Server' 설치 후, 환경 설정 변경

 

[root@main /root]# vi /etc/xinetd.d/telnet

 

1 # default: on   2 # description: The telnet server serves telnet sessions; it uses \   3 #   unencrypted username/password pairs for authentication.   4 service telnet   5 {   6     flags       = REUSE   7     socket_type = stream   8     wait        = no   9     user        = root  10     server      = /usr/sbin/in.telnetd  11     log_on_failure  += USERID  12     disable     = yes <- no 수정  13     : wq!

 

 

 

 - 'xinetd' 재시작 실시

[root@main /root]# service xinetd restart
'xinetd 를 정지 중:                                        [  OK  ]
xinetd (을)를 시작 중:                                     [  OK  ]

 

 

 

 - telnet 접속 확인

 

[root@main /root]# telnet localhost
Trying ::1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
CentOS release 6.6 (Final)
Kernel 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 on an x86_64
login: user1
Password: centos
Last login: Mon Mar 14 14:04:30 from localhost
[user1@main /home/user1]$
[user1@main /home/user1]$ exit
                              logout
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@main /root]#

 

 

 - 같은 방법으로 clone1, clone2에서도 'Telnet-Server', 'Telnet' 클라이언트를 설치하도록 한다.